TRIM LTRIM RTRIM
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Introduction to TRIM
TRIM strips whitespace from both the start and end of a string while leaving any spaces in the middle untouched, which matters when comparing or storing user-typed values that often carry accidental padding.
Example: Introduction to TRIM
SELECT TRIM(' Hello World ') AS trimmed;Using LTRIM
LTRIM removes only leading whitespace from the left edge of a string, keeping trailing spaces intact. It's useful when you specifically want to normalize how a value starts without altering anything after it.
Example: Using LTRIM
SELECT LTRIM(' Hello World ') AS left_trimmed;Using RTRIM
RTRIM mirrors LTRIM but works on the right edge instead, stripping trailing spaces while leaving the front of the string alone. This is common when cleaning fixed-width import data that pads values with trailing blanks.
Example: Using RTRIM
SELECT RTRIM(' Hello World ') AS right_trimmed;Cleaning Specific Characters
TRIM isn't limited to whitespace — passing the LEADING, TRAILING, or BOTH keyword lets you strip a specific character, like removing stray leading zeros or trailing commas from imported text instead of just blank space.
Example: Cleaning Specific Characters
SELECT TRIM(LEADING '0' FROM '000123') AS no_leading_zeros;
SELECT TRIM(TRAILING ',' FROM 'item,item,') AS no_trailing_comma;Form Validation and Cleaning
Form input is a classic source of stray spaces, since users often add a space before or after typing an email or username. Trimming values before saving them prevents subtle bugs where '[email protected]' and '[email protected] ' are treated as two different accounts.
Example: Form Validation and Cleaning
CREATE TABLE users (id INT, email TEXT);
INSERT INTO users VALUES (1, '[email protected] '), (2, '[email protected]');
SELECT * FROM users WHERE TRIM(email) = '[email protected]';Chapter Quiz — Complete all 7 topics to unlock
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