Here Documents (<<EOF)

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Here Documents (<<EOF)

Here Documents (<<EOF)

A here document lets you feed multiple lines of literal text to a command's standard input, starting with <<EOF and ending at a line containing just the matching delimiter (EOF by convention, but any word works). Variables inside are expanded unless the delimiter is quoted, like <<EOF. Here documents are commonly used to write multi-line text into a file without many separate echo calls.

Note: Quote the delimiter, <<EOF, to prevent variable expansion inside the here document.

Example: Here Documents (<<EOF)

bash

#!/bin/bash
name="World"

cat <<EOF
Hello, $name!
This is a multi-line
here document.
EOF

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The read Command
if/elif/else
printf
test and [ ] Operators
Redirections (> >> 2>)
[[ ]] Extended Test Operator
Pipes
case Statement
/dev/null
Logical Operators
tee
Numeric vs String Comparison Operators
Here Documents (<<EOF)
Nested and Compound Conditionals

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Here Documents (<<EOF)

Here Documents (<<EOF)

Chapter Quiz — Complete all 14 topics to unlock

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