Custom Middleware लिखना

Custom middleware लिखने का मतलब है अपना खुद का checkpoint बनाना जिससे हर request को गुज़रना पड़े।

In this page:

Minimal Middleware Shape
View से पहले Logic जोड़ना
View के बाद Logic जोड़ना
अपना Middleware Register करना

Syntax

markup

class MiddlewareName:
    def __init__(self, get_response):
        self.get_response = get_response

    def __call__(self, request):
        request.extra = value  # before the view
        response = self.get_response(request)
        return response

Minimal Middleware Shape

हर middleware class को एक __init__ चाहिए जो get_response store करे, और एक __call__ जो इसे invoke करे और response return करे।

उदाहरण: The Minimal Middleware Shape

Every middleware class needs an __init__ that stores get_response, and a __call__ that invokes it and returns the response.

markup

class MinimalMiddleware:
    def __init__(self, get_response):
        self.get_response = get_response

    def __call__(self, request):
        response = self.get_response(request)
        return response

{# Django-only code -- models.py/views.py/urls.py/settings.py snippets, or template markup using Django template tags/variables -- can't run standalone via Judge0 or the browser preview, since it needs a real Django project. Only this course's pure-Python examples (example_lang == 'python', no Django imports) are actually runnable, so those still get the button below. #}

View से पहले Logic जोड़ना

self.get_response(request) से पहले रखा code आते समय चलता है, और views के बाद में उपयोग के लिए request object पर extra data attach कर सकता है।

उदाहरण: Adding Logic Before the View

Code placed before self.get_response(request) runs on the way in, and can attach extra data onto the request object for views to use later.

markup

class RequestTaggingMiddleware:
    def __init__(self, get_response):
        self.get_response = get_response

    def __call__(self, request):
        request.is_mobile = "Mobile" in request.META.get("HTTP_USER_AGENT", "")
        return self.get_response(request)

View के बाद Logic जोड़ना

self.get_response(request) के बाद रखा code जाते समय चलता है, और response को browser तक पहुंचने से पहले inspect या modify कर सकता है।

उदाहरण: Adding Logic After the View

Code placed after self.get_response(request) runs on the way out, and can inspect or modify the response before it reaches the browser.

markup

class CustomHeaderMiddleware:
    def __init__(self, get_response):
        self.get_response = get_response

    def __call__(self, request):
        response = self.get_response(request)
        response["X-Powered-By"] = "Django"
        return response

अपना Middleware Register करना

एक custom middleware class कुछ नहीं करता जब तक इसका dotted path settings.py में MIDDLEWARE list में जोड़ा न जाए।

उदाहरण: Registering Your Middleware

A custom middleware class does nothing until its dotted path is added to the MIDDLEWARE list in settings.py.

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MIDDLEWARE = [
    "django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware",
    "myapp.middleware.CustomHeaderMiddleware",
]

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← Previous Lesson Introduction to Django Middleware Next Lesson → Middleware Order in Settings

Custom Middleware लिखना

Minimal Middleware Shape

View से पहले Logic जोड़ना

View के बाद Logic जोड़ना

अपना Middleware Register करना

Chapter Quiz — Complete all 8 topics to unlock

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